В "Муромском городке" публике покажут средневековую систему отопления

26 сентбря ОАО "Средневолжская межрегиональная управляющая энергетическая компания" проводила пресс-тур на территорию археологического памятника "Муромский городок", расположенного в национальном парке "Самарская лука". Экскурсия организована совместно с областным историко-краеведческим музеем имени Алабина. 
Муромский городок интересен тем, что археологи обнаружили там нетипичную для древней Руси систему отопления в общественных и жилых постройках. Принцип ее действия следующий: к зданиям, сложенным из кирпича и известняковых камней, примыкала топка. Она соединялась магистральным каналом с системой дымоходов, а в них были проложены глиняные трубы. Горячий воздух из топки, проходя по трубам, обогревал не только полы во всем здании, но и специальные каменные диваны. Ученые предполагают, что данная технология была позаимствована, в свою очередь, у древних римлян. По такому же принципу работают современные "теплые полы". 
"Муромский городок" – один из самых больших археологических памятников Самарской области. Он расположен на Самарской Луке, рядом с современным селом Валы. В конце X-начале XIII веков это была большая крепость Волжской Булгарии, обеспечивавшая безопасность проходивших там торговых путей. В письменных источниках не сохранилось истинное имя этого города, но с XVIII в. местные жители называют его "Муромским городком", связывая с ним легенду о жившем здесь некогда одноименном народе. 
Площадь Муромского городка вместе с пригородом составляла более 400 га. По оценкам специалистов, в период расцвета города численность населения достигала 10 тысяч человек. 
Муромский городок был одним из крупнейших ремесленных центров на юге Волжской Болгарии и обеспечивал своей продукцией всю сельскую округу. При раскопках археологи обнаружили следы металлургических печей, гончарного горна, мастерских медника и ювелира. В 1236 г. Муромский городок был полностью разрушен и сожжен войсками монгольского хана Батыя. После этого он уже не восстанавливался. Не было на этом месте и новых поселений, что дает возможность археологам достаточно полно восстановить картину жизни давно исчезнувшего города.

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